Radiology Board Review(RBR)

The election of Republican Scott Brown to fill the seat of the late Edward Kennedy (D-MA) has complicated the next steps in the process to enact health care reform. Democratic lawmakers have been negotiating during the last several weeks with the White House to iron out differences between the House and Senate plans with the hope of generating one final pack […]

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Cladribine and fingolimod, the first oral agents for multiple sclerosis (MS), significantly reduce relapse rates, risks of disability progression, and disease activity, according to three papers in the January 19th online issue of The New England Journal of Medicine.

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Using CT angiography to determine plaque characteristics before electively implanting a coronary artery stent may help gauge the risk of injury or myocardial infarction (MI), according to a report from Japan.

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has named Dr. Jeffrey Shuren permanent director of its medical devices division which has been criticized for product recalls and controversial approvals in recent years.

CHICAGO (Reuters) - U.S. researchers have discovered a distinct pattern of brain activity in people with post traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) that may give doctors an objective way to test for it, they said on Wednesday.

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - In patients with breast cancer and tumor-positive sentinel nodes, the extent of nodal involvement does not significantly influence the use of adjuvant therapies, researchers report in the December 28th online issue of the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

OBJECTIVE. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) is a potentially useful noninvasive technique for assessing tissue perfusion, particularly in the context of solid tumors and targeted antiangiogenic and antivascular therapies. Our aim was to determine the reproducibility of perfusion parameters derived at DCE-MRI of tumors of the lung and liver, the most c […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to describe multimodality imaging findings in immunosuppressed patients with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)–related malignant lymphoproliferative diseases. CONCLUSION. EBV-related malignant lymphoproliferative diseases share common features with other aggressive lymphomas, including a high degree of extranodal involve […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of our study was to determine which patient-related, target lesion–related, or procedure-related variables impact the duration of MRI-guided core needle breast biopsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Between July 11, 2006, and September 26, 2007, data were collected for 75 single-target MRI-guided 9-gauge vacuum-assisted core needle biops […]

OBJECTIVE. abdominal cocoon is characterized by total or partial encasement of the small bowel by a thick fibrotic membrane, leading to mechanical obstruction. Here, we report two cases of abdominal cocoon; both patients presented with symptoms of intestinal obstruction. CONCLUSION. We describe the CT and sonographic features of this disease, emphasizing the […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the utility of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values for characterizing adrenal lesions and determine if diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can distinguish lipid-rich from lipid-poor adenomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS. We retrospectively evaluated 160 adrenal lesions in 156 patients (96 women and 60 men; m […]

OBJECTIVE. The aims of this study were to evaluate the reproducibility of 3D sonography with a matrix array transducer as a means of measuring renal volume and to investigate correlations between renal volume and renal function. SUBJECTS AND METHODS. One hundred twenty subjects (20 consecutively registered patients with one of the five stages of chronic rena […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the dose and image quality performance of a dedicated cone-beam CT (CBCT) scanner in comparison with an MDCT scanner. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The conventional dose metric, CT dose index (CTDI), is no longer applicable to CBCT scanners. We propose to use two dose metrics, the volume average dose and the mid p […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physiologic extent and thickness of the cartilage and bare areas of the distal radioulnar joint with gross anatomic examination, MRI, and MR arthrography with the forearm in neutral position, maximal pronation, and maximal supination. MATERIALS AND METHODS. MRI and MR arthrography were performed on 10 […]

OBJECTIVE. To determine whether joint position affects muscle proton diffusion, fractional anisotropy and primary (1), secondary (2), and tertiary (3) eigenvalues of calf muscles were compared among ankle positions of plantar flexion, intermediate, and dorsiflexion. CONCLUSION. In tibialis anterior, fractional anisotropy and 1 decreased, but 2 and 3 increase […]

OBJECTIVE. Fetal lung volume can be assessed from MR images by planimetric measurement and comparison with normal values. We review 10 MRI articles that report normal fetal lung volumes based on gestational age to assess reproducibility and application of data. CONCLUSION. The articles were analyzed for differences in methodology and disparities in reported […]

OBJECTIVE. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether administration of a diuretic agent in MR urography has an effect on renal length and to determine whether the increase in length can be used for the assessment of renal function. CONCLUSION. Renal length may change after diuretic injection, and these changes correlate with renal function.

OBJECTIVE. The prognosis for patients with advanced large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein (PV) tumor thrombosis remains poor, and treatment is usually limited to hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) chemotherapy. In this study, we first performed mass reduction using radiofrequency ablation (RFA), followed by HAI chemotherapy. Prognosis after this […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a barbed silicone-covered retrievable expandable nitinol stent in preventing stent migration in patients with tracheal strictures or fistulas. SUBJECTS AND METHODS. Under fluoroscopic guidance, barbed silicone-covered retrievable expandable nitinol stents were placed in 15 p […]

OBJECTIVE. At some institutions, catheter angiography is used for confirmation of aortic injuries and equivocal MDCT findings. Because of the speed and efficiency of 64-MDCT, we believe that diagnostic catheter angiography may be obsolete. The purpose of this study was to review our experience with 64-MDCT in the evaluation of acute traumatic aortic injury ( […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to describe the thoracic radiologic findings of chronic granulomatous disease in adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS. We retrospectively analyzed the chest radiographic and CT findings in four adults with chronic granulomatous disease during five episodes of lower respiratory tract infection. RESULTS. Chest radiographic fin […]

OBJECTIVE. The objective of our study was to evaluate the detection rate of central airway stent complications using MDCT as compared with bronchoscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A review was performed of all consecutive patients undergoing MDCT and bronchoscopy for suspected complications of airway stents during an 18-month period. MDCT images were interpreted […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of our study was to show the usefulness and limitations of contrast-enhanced time-resolved MR angiography (MRA) for imaging the central veins of the chest. CONCLUSION. Time-resolved MRA is highly sensitive for the detection of abnormalities and is particularly useful in conjunction with static high-spatial-resolution MRA. However, seve […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the predominant findings at high-resolution CT influence the accuracy of diagnosis of diffuse lung disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The cases of 100 patients with diffuse lung disease who underwent high-resolution CT and tissue diagnosis were studied. Three thoracic radiologists reviewed high-resol […]

OBJECTIVE. The objective of our study was to evaluate serial CT changes from normal or near-normal lungs to honeycomb lungs in dust-exposed patients who developed chronic interstitial pneumonia. MATERIALS AND METHODS. From the records of the national hospital for pneumoconiosis, we retrospectively identified patients with chronic interstitial pneumonia who w […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this article is to illustrate the spectrum of central airway and vascular complications in lung transplantation using MDCT, with an emphasis on the usefulness of advanced postprocessing techniques. CONCLUSION. MDCT is an invaluable tool in the diagnosis, evaluation, and posttreatment assessment of central airway and vascular complic […]

OBJECTIVE. The imaging of pulmonary nodules is an evolving and dynamic field. In this review, we discuss the detection and multitechnique characterization of pulmonary nodules, emphasizing the impact of technological advances on both noninvasive and invasive evaluation and surveillance. The potential contribution of MRI, evolving imaging-guided techniques, a […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a 3D adaptive raw-data filter in improving image quality and the role of the filter in radiation dose reduction in lung CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Fifty-eight chest CT examinations were performed with a 16-MDCT scanner. Two acquisitions were performed with different tube current […]

OBJECTIVE. The use of thrombolytic agents and other forms of reperfusion therapy has provided a means to reverse ischemia and minimize the size of infarctions. The purpose of this review is to examine various clinical trials of reperfusion agents and address key imaging issues. CONCLUSION. Advanced MRI and CT play a growing role in selection of patients for […]

Akira Kawashima, Carl M. Sandler, Frank M. Corl, O. Clark West, Eric P. Tamm, Elliot K. Fishman, Stanford M. GoldmanMay 1, 2001; 21:557-574RSNA Education Exhibits

Kenneth M. Nalaboff, John S. Pellerito, Eran Ben-LeviNov 1, 2001; 21:1409-1424RSNA Education Exhibits

Emmanuelle M. Delfaut, Xavier Demondion, Anne Bieganski, Marie-Camille Thiron, Henry Mestdagh, Anne CottenMay 1, 2003; 23:613-623RSNA Education Exhibits

Brian C. Lucey, Joshua W. Stuhlfaut, Jorge A. SotoMar 1, 2005; 25:351-365RSNA Education Exhibits

Jan V. Hirschmann, Sudhakar N. J. Pipavath, J. David GodwinNov 1, 2009; 29:1921-1938RSNA Education Exhibits

Robert J. Scholl, Helen M. Kellett, David P. Neumann, Alan G. LurieSep 1, 1999; 19:1107-1124Scientific Exhibits

Simin Bahrami, Catherine M. YimNov 1, 2009; 29:1877-1896Quality Initiatives

Eva Castaner, Anna Alguersuari, Xavier Gallardo, Marta Andreu, Yolanda Pallardo, Josep Maria Mata, Jose RamirezJan 1, 2010; 30:33-53RSNA Education Exhibits

Santiago Enrique Rossi, Tomas Franquet, Mariano Volpacchio, Ana Gimenez, Gabriel AguilarMay 1, 2005; 25:789-801RSNA Education Exhibits

Clair L. Shadbolt, Stefan B. J. Heinze, Rosalind B. DietrichOct 1, 2001; 21:261-271Helping the Urologist

Gerald D. Dodd III, Michael C. Soulen, Robert A. Kane, Tito Livraghi, William R. Lees, Yasuyuki Yamashita, Alison R. Gillams, Okkes I. Karahan, Hyunchul RhimJan 1, 2000; 20:9-27Imaging and Therapeutic Technology

Paul D. Shreve, Yoshimi Anzai, Richard L. WahlJan 1, 1999; 19:61-77Scientific Exhibits

Michael F. McNitt-GrayNov 1, 2002; 22:1541-1553Imaging and Therapeutic Technology

A Cotten, N Boutry, B Cortet, R Assaker, X Demondion, D Leblond, P Chastanet, B Duquesnoy, H DeramondMar 1, 1998; 18:311-320Reviews

Paul S. Calhoun, Brian S. Kuszyk, David G. Heath, Jennifer C. Carley, Elliot K. FishmanMay 1, 1999; 19:745-764infoRAD

Jonas Rydberg, Kenneth A. Buckwalter, Karen S. Caldemeyer, Michael D. Phillips, Dewey J. Conces Jr, Alex M. Aisen, Scott A. Persohn, Kenyon K. KopeckyNov 1, 2000; 20:1787-1806Imaging and Therapeutic Technology

TB ShopeSep 1, 1996; 16:1195-1199Articles

EI Bluth, AT Stavros, KW Marich, SM Wetzner, D Aufrichtig, JD BakerMay 1, 1988; 8:487-506Articles

Mark D. Murphey, W. Sean Smith, Stacy E. Smith, Mark J. Kransdorf, H. Thomas TempleSep 1, 1999; 19:1253-1280Continuing Education

Cynthia H. McCollough, Michael R. Bruesewitz, James M. Kofler JrMar 1, 2006; 26:503-512RSNA Education Exhibits

David J. Brenner, Carl D. Elliston, Eric J. Hall, Walter E. BerdonFeb 1, 2001; 176:289-296Featured Articles

S Rossi, E Buscarini, F Garbagnati, M Di Stasi, P Quaretti, M Rago, A Zangrandi, S Andreola, D Silverman, L BuscariniApr 1, 1998; 170:1015-1022Articles

F Fazekas, JB Chawluk, A Alavi, HI Hurtig, RA ZimmermanAug 1, 1987; 149:351-356Articles

Lane F. Donnelly, Kathleen H. Emery, Alan S. Brody, Tal Laor, Victoria M. Gylys-Morin, Christopher G. Anton, Stephen R. Thomas, Donald P. FrushFeb 1, 2001; 176:303-306Featured Articles

S Rossi, M Di Stasi, E Buscarini, P Quaretti, F Garbagnati, L Squassante, CT Paties, DE Silverman, L BuscariniSep 1, 1996; 167:759-768Articles

John P. McGahan, Gerald D. Dodd IIIJan 1, 2001; 176:3-16Featured Articles

Dale R. Broome, Mark S. Girguis, Pedro W. Baron, Alfred C. Cottrell, Ingrid Kjellin, Gerald A. KirkFeb 1, 2007; 188:586-592MR Imaging

LR Goodman, JJ Curtin, MW Mewissen, WD Foley, RJ Lipchik, MR Crain, KB Sagar, BD CollierJun 1, 1995; 164:1369-1374Articles

Damian E. Dupuy, Ronald J. Zagoria, Wallace Akerley, William W. Mayo-Smith, Peter V. Kavanagh, Howard SafranJan 1, 2000; 174:57-59Chest Imaging

R Ballard-Barbash, SH Taplin, BC Yankaskas, VL Ernster, RD Rosenberg, PA Carney, WE Barlow, BM Geller, K Kerlikowske, BK Edwards, CF Lynch, N Urban, CA Chrvala, CR Key, SP Poplack, JK Worden, LG KesslerOct 1, 1997; 169:1001-1008Articles

OBJECTIVE. This article provides a review of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction procedures and their normal postoperative appearance. Then, we review commonly encountered complications: those associated with decreased range of motion (impingement, arthrofibrosis, intraarticular bodies, ganglion cysts) and those associated with laxity (graft tear […]

OBJECTIVE. Granulocytic sarcoma is a tumor formed by myeloid precursors at an extramedullary site. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the MRI findings and clinical manifestations in 32 cases of granulocytic sarcoma of the spine. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Thirty-two patients (21 males, 11 females; mean age, 32 years) with myeloid leukemia and spinal granu […]

OBJECTIVE. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of increased signal intensity in the pronator quadratus in the general patient population. Using region-of-interest measurements, we measured the signal intensity of the pronator quadratus and of an adjacent flexor muscle. In addition, we performed independent subjective assessments of the p […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physiologic extent and thickness of the cartilage and bare areas of the distal radioulnar joint with gross anatomic examination, MRI, and MR arthrography with the forearm in neutral position, maximal pronation, and maximal supination. MATERIALS AND METHODS. MRI and MR arthrography were performed on 10 […]

OBJECTIVE. To determine whether joint position affects muscle proton diffusion, fractional anisotropy and primary (1), secondary (2), and tertiary (3) eigenvalues of calf muscles were compared among ankle positions of plantar flexion, intermediate, and dorsiflexion. CONCLUSION. In tibialis anterior, fractional anisotropy and 1 decreased, but 2 and 3 increase […]

OBJECTIVE. The objective of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injection for the treatment of gluteus medius tendinopathy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS. We prospectively evaluated 54 consecutive patients (48 women, six men; mean age, 54.7 years; mean body mass index, 26 kg/m2) with a clinical diagnosis of gluteus medius t […]

OBJECTIVE. The objective of our study was to retrospectively compare the radiography and MRI findings of unilateral spondylolysis in the upper lumbar segment and in the lower lumbar segment and to consider how these radiologic findings can be applied in the diagnosis of unilateral spondylolysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Thirty patients with unilateral lumbar s […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this article is to describe the pitfalls that may be encountered when performing musculoskeletal sonography. CONCLUSION. Sonography of the musculoskeletal system is a useful diagnostic technique, but awareness and understanding of the pitfalls will minimize errors in diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to compare metal artifact reduction techniques at 1.5-T and 3-T MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A titanium plate with steel screws was placed in a freshly harvested pig leg. The leg was imaged with 1.5-T and 3-T MRI. A T2-weighted turbo spin-echo sequence was used with echo-train lengths of 8, 16, 32, and 64 and a constan […]

OBJECTIVE. The purposes of this study were to determine the intrasubject side-to-side variability of quantitative and qualitative measures of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and fiber tractography of the median nerves and to determine the precision of quantitative measurements and fiber tractography. SUBJECTS AND METHODS. Fifteen healthy volunteers (seven men […]