NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Children with proptosis, ophthalmoplegia, or pain with extraocular movement are at high risk for intraorbital abscess and should have urgent imaging studies - although many other children at high risk won't have these predictors, researchers say.

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - An experimental approach that looks for DNA leaking out from dead and dying cells may lead to a blood test for breast cancer, U.S. researchers reported on Tuesday.

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - In women with a familial risk of breast cancer, MRI screening alone is sufficient, German researchers report in the Journal of Clinical Oncology published online February 22nd.

ST. LOUIS, MO (Reuters Health) - The intensity of surveillance after curative-intent treatment for ovarian cancer is highly variable, investigators announced this week at the Society of Surgical Oncology 63rd Annual Cancer Symposium.

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to compare quantitative and visual assessments of regional heterogeneity of emphysema and to investigate the influence of regional heterogeneity on pulmonary function in smoking-related emphysema. MATERIALS AND METHODS. We developed an automatic computerized algorithm to quantitatively assess heterogeneity in the uppe […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this article is to illustrate the overlapping radiologic patterns in proven tuberculosis cases in patients initially referred to our cancer center for presumed malignancy. CONCLUSION. Tuberculosis can simulate malignancy both clinically and radiologically, especially in its extrapulmonary form.

OBJECTIVE. In 2009, a new TNM staging system was published by the International Union Against Cancer and the American Joint Committee on Cancer. The new edition will encompass non–small cell lung cancer, small cell lung cancer, and bronchopulmonary carcinoids. This article will review many important changes that have been made in the revised staging sy […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the feasibility of detecting mitral valve prolapse with ECG-gated 64-MDCT angiography in comparison with the reference standard, transthoracic echocardiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The charts of patients consecutively referred for clinically indicated 64-MDCT angiography were reviewed. The study cohort c […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of emphysema measurements obtained from systematic samples of evenly spaced CT images compared with measurements obtained from the entire scan. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Evenly spaced transverse sections from the CT studies of 136 heavy smokers who underwent screening for lung cancer in the Nationa […]

OBJECTIVE. At some institutions, catheter angiography is used for confirmation of aortic injuries and equivocal MDCT findings. Because of the speed and efficiency of 64-MDCT, we believe that diagnostic catheter angiography may be obsolete. The purpose of this study was to review our experience with 64-MDCT in the evaluation of acute traumatic aortic injury ( […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to describe the thoracic radiologic findings of chronic granulomatous disease in adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS. We retrospectively analyzed the chest radiographic and CT findings in four adults with chronic granulomatous disease during five episodes of lower respiratory tract infection. RESULTS. Chest radiographic fin […]

OBJECTIVE. The objective of our study was to evaluate the detection rate of central airway stent complications using MDCT as compared with bronchoscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A review was performed of all consecutive patients undergoing MDCT and bronchoscopy for suspected complications of airway stents during an 18-month period. MDCT images were interpreted […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of our study was to show the usefulness and limitations of contrast-enhanced time-resolved MR angiography (MRA) for imaging the central veins of the chest. CONCLUSION. Time-resolved MRA is highly sensitive for the detection of abnormalities and is particularly useful in conjunction with static high-spatial-resolution MRA. However, seve […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the predominant findings at high-resolution CT influence the accuracy of diagnosis of diffuse lung disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The cases of 100 patients with diffuse lung disease who underwent high-resolution CT and tissue diagnosis were studied. Three thoracic radiologists reviewed high-resol […]

OBJECTIVE. The objective of our study was to evaluate serial CT changes from normal or near-normal lungs to honeycomb lungs in dust-exposed patients who developed chronic interstitial pneumonia. MATERIALS AND METHODS. From the records of the national hospital for pneumoconiosis, we retrospectively identified patients with chronic interstitial pneumonia who w […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this article is to illustrate the spectrum of central airway and vascular complications in lung transplantation using MDCT, with an emphasis on the usefulness of advanced postprocessing techniques. CONCLUSION. MDCT is an invaluable tool in the diagnosis, evaluation, and posttreatment assessment of central airway and vascular complic […]

OBJECTIVE. The imaging of pulmonary nodules is an evolving and dynamic field. In this review, we discuss the detection and multitechnique characterization of pulmonary nodules, emphasizing the impact of technological advances on both noninvasive and invasive evaluation and surveillance. The potential contribution of MRI, evolving imaging-guided techniques, a […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a 3D adaptive raw-data filter in improving image quality and the role of the filter in radiation dose reduction in lung CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Fifty-eight chest CT examinations were performed with a 16-MDCT scanner. Two acquisitions were performed with different tube current […]

OBJECTIVE. The use of thrombolytic agents and other forms of reperfusion therapy has provided a means to reverse ischemia and minimize the size of infarctions. The purpose of this review is to examine various clinical trials of reperfusion agents and address key imaging issues. CONCLUSION. Advanced MRI and CT play a growing role in selection of patients for […]

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OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic correlation between indirect MR arthrography, conventional MRI, and arthroscopy in acetabular labral and cartilage lesions of the hip. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Fourteen patients who underwent conventional and indirect MR arthrography with arthroscopic correlation were studied over the course of […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in the differential diagnosis of psoriatic and rheumatoid arthritis in the hand and wrist. SUBJECTS AND METHODS. Forty-five consecutive patients (31 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 14 patients with psoriatic arthritis) were examined in a 3-T whole-body MR […]

OBJECTIVE. The objective of our study was to assess patellofemoral measurements on MRI and to correlate the measurements with different grades of cartilage defect. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Axial and sagittal MR images of 100 patients with various pathologic knee conditions were analyzed. The patients were divided into two age groups: < 40 years and ≥ 40 […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to study the relationship between fatty degeneration of thigh muscles and vitamin D status in elderly adults. SUBJECTS AND METHODS. For six months, 121 patients 65 years old or older were evaluated. Myopathy, muscular impairment, and conditions influencing vitamin D status other than diet and sunlight were exclusion c […]

OBJECTIVE. This article reviews various aspects of locoregional spread of malignant cutaneous melanoma, as imaged with gray-scale sonography and Doppler techniques. The scenarios illustrated include disease staging (primary melanoma, satellite metastasis, in-transit metastasis, and lymphadenopathies), sentinel lymph node biopsy procedure, patient follow-up, […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this article is to present the route of extension in nine soft-tissue tumors and tumorlike lesions of the pelvic wall. CONCLUSION. Soft-tissue tumors of the pelvis, particularly malignant ones, extend into other compartments through specific pathways that are bordered by bones, ligaments, and fasciae. Such pathways include the great […]

OBJECTIVE. This article provides a review of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction procedures and their normal postoperative appearance. Then, we review commonly encountered complications: those associated with decreased range of motion (impingement, arthrofibrosis, intraarticular bodies, ganglion cysts) and those associated with laxity (graft tear […]

OBJECTIVE. Granulocytic sarcoma is a tumor formed by myeloid precursors at an extramedullary site. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the MRI findings and clinical manifestations in 32 cases of granulocytic sarcoma of the spine. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Thirty-two patients (21 males, 11 females; mean age, 32 years) with myeloid leukemia and spinal granu […]

OBJECTIVE. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of increased signal intensity in the pronator quadratus in the general patient population. Using region-of-interest measurements, we measured the signal intensity of the pronator quadratus and of an adjacent flexor muscle. In addition, we performed independent subjective assessments of the p […]

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physiologic extent and thickness of the cartilage and bare areas of the distal radioulnar joint with gross anatomic examination, MRI, and MR arthrography with the forearm in neutral position, maximal pronation, and maximal supination. MATERIALS AND METHODS. MRI and MR arthrography were performed on 10 […]